New Study on Mental Performance

by Shawn 24. April 2013 05:57

I just spent several days attending and presenting at the American Society for Nutrition program at the Experimental Biology Scientific Conference. EB – as it’s known by the 30,000+ scientists who attend every year – is the largest life sciences conference in the world. I’ve been attending EB for more than 20 years now – and I always leave the event with a brain full of new ideas for possible nutrition products.

 

 

This year, EB was held in Boston – so you can imagine the high level of security around any public gathering after the tragic bombing at the Boston Marathon on April 15. Local-boy, comedian Adam Sandler, was quoted as saying, “Don’t mess with Boston – they’re the only city willing to shut down until they find you!”

 

I delivered two presentations yesterday (April 23) – one of which was about one of the main “anti-stress” and mental/physical performance ingredients in our Energ-Ease formula. I think it was fitting to be talking about STRESS one week after the bombings (while people were undoubtedly on edge) as well as in April, which is National Stress Awareness Month.

 

In this recent study, we looked at a very unique herbal extract (Eurycoma longifolia) used in traditional Malaysian medicine (TMM) for improving stamina and strength. Sometimes, eurycoma is called “Malaysian ginseng” because of its “energy promoting” and “strengthening” effects, but our studies indicate that tongkat ali actually works in some very novel ways to improve how we feel (and in concert with the other ingredients in Energ-Ease).

 

In the new study, subjects taking eurycoma (compared to placebo) had a significant restoration of stress hormone levels (lower cortisol and higher testosterone) – with improved mental/physical performance.

 

When we’re under chronic stress (whether from our intense training regimens or simply from “life” stress), we often see elevated cortisol and suppressed testosterone – which can lead to problems with mental focus, feelings of tension, and mood disturbances (as well as a risk for OVERTRAINING). Eurycoma is able to restore our normal “biochemical balance” – and in doing so, help us to feel better and perform better in the face of our chronically stressful lives.

 

I’ll include the research abstract below so you can see the actual results from the study – and next week, I’ll post the slides from the presentation along with an audio track to explain our findings and how it relates to Energ-Ease and enhancement of our mental and physical performance.

 

Effect of Eurycoma longifolia on Stress Hormones and Psychological Mood State in Moderately Stressed Subjects

S Talbott, J Talbott, A George, and M Pugh

 

Abstract# 2865

Program# 1076.2

Board# D319

 

Eurycoma longifolia is a medicinal plant commonly called Tongkat ali (TA) and “Malaysian ginseng.” TA roots are a traditional “anti-aging” remedy and modern supplements are intended to improve libido, energy, sports performance and weight loss. Previous studies have shown properly-standardized TA to stimulate release of free testosterone, improve sex drive, reduce fatigue, and improve well-being.

 

We assessed stress hormones and mood state in 63 subjects (32 men and 31 women) screened for moderate stress and supplemented with a standardized hot-water extract of TA root (PhystaTM, Biotropics Malaysia) or Placebo for 4 weeks.

 

Significant (p<0.05) improvements were found in the Physta group for Tension (-11%), Anger (-12%), and Confusion (-15%). Stress hormone profile (salivary cortisol and testosterone) was significantly (p<0.05) improved by Physta supplementation, with reduced cortisol exposure (-16%) and increased testosterone status (+37%). These results indicate that daily supplementation with Tongkat ali (Physta) improves stress hormone profile and certain mood state parameters, suggesting that this “ancient” remedy may be an effective approach to shielding the body from the detrimental effects of “modern” chronic stress.

 

This study was funded by Biotropics Malaysia and conducted by SupplementWatch

 

 

Thanks for reading,

 

Shawn

 

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My books related to stress, cortisol, vigor, and Feeling Your Best:

 

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  • The Secret of Vigor - How to Overcome Burnout, Restore Biochemical Balance, and Reclaim Your Natural Energy

 

  • Killer at Large - Why Obesity is America’s Greatest Threat - an award-winning documentary film exploring the causes and solutions underlying the American obesity epidemic. FREE versions at  http://www.KilleratLarge.com

 

 

 

 

 

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ISENC12 Overview (International Sports and Exercise Nutrition Conference)

by Shawn 17. December 2012 00:08

I’m just back from the ISENC meeting in Newcastle England (International Sports and Exercise Nutrition Conference) – where we enjoyed 3-days of fantastic lectures about nutrition for sports performance and healthy lifestyles. It was a truly international faculty with participants from around the world and only a handful of Americans – so it was an interesting global perspective about some of the leading “nutrition solutions” to the public health issues discussed.

 

 

The conference ran in two simultaneous tracks – one focused on improving sports performance and the other focused on promoting healthy lifestyles. The only drawback to the conference was the difficulty in choosing which lecture to attend in which track – because they were all so good.

 

One of the common themes that I noticed among the speakers was the growing realization among researchers across the globe that so many aspects of metabolism are intricately related and interconnected. For example, my own presentation focused on the relationship between stress, stress hormones (cortisol/testosterone), and psychological mood state (how we feel) – basically, that being under stress changes our stress hormone levels and leads us to feel tired/depressed.

 

Other presenters talked about how both psychological and physical stress (e.g. too little sleep or too much exercise) can increase oxidation and suppress immune system function. There were presentations about how inflammation (from injury or poor diet) could damage cells and tissues directly, as well as lead indirectly to further oxidative damage in various tissues throughout the body. Still other presentations focused on the link between blood sugar disruptions and inflammation. None of these findings are necessarily “new” on their own – but the dawning realization that they are all linked is what gets me excited (especially since I’ve been writing about it and developing natural products to help address such problems for the last 15 years)!

 

While all of the presentations were excellent – there were a few that stood out for me as particularly relevant to the unique “metabolic stressors” that so many of us are faced with on a daily basis. My own presentation about stress hormone balance and Vigor (especially interesting to me!) described how even moderate levels of chronic stress (including inadequate sleep, dieting for weight loss, and worry about bills) can disrupt stress hormone balance (elevated cortisol and suppressed testosterone) and lead to lower vigor scores (low energy, poor mood, and foggy mental function). I talked about a number of natural solutions for rebalancing stress hormones and restoring vigor – including traditional adaptogens such as magnolia (for cortisol and stress), eurycoma (for testosterone and energy), cordyceps (for oxygen utilization and stamina), and BCAAs (for muscle metabolism and recovery).

 

Dr. David Nieman, an expert in immune system function from Appalachian State University and the North Carolina Research University, talked about new research showing how flavonoids might be the key for optimal immune system function. Importantly, some of his latest research points to the bioactivity of flavonoids being potentiated when provided as a cocktail of small amounts of several different flavonoids – rather than as large amounts of any single flavonoid. This means that a small dose of several complementary flavonoids can provide a superior benefits for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects as well as immune system support, compared to a large dose of any single flavonoid. Dr. Nieman even suggested that specialized combinations of flavonoids and low-glycemic carbohydrates might even someday serve as a replacement for dangerous painkillers such as ibuprofen. That sounds pretty good – getting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, pain-killing, immune supporting benefits in an all-natural blend of naturally-derived flavonoids.

 

Another fantastic presentation was delivered by Dr. Mark Davis from the University of South Carolina. Professor Davis talked about the unique benefits of flavonoids for improving brain function and possibly treating conditions related to chronic stress and inflammation such as Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Fibromyalgia.  In Dr. Davis’ research, it seems that small amounts of caffeine can enhance the brain-protecting benefits of flavonoids (because caffeine blocks adenosine receptors in the brain) – so the brain-performance effects of flavonoids plus caffeine extend to reduced inflammation, increased mitochondria, and improved endurance – almost like “exercise in a pill” in certain ways.

 

Imagine if you could find all of these amazing health benefits in one place – immune support, improved antioxidant protection, balanced inflammation, lower stress, improved energy and stamina, and enhanced mental and physical performance. It sounds like a magic bullet doesn’t it? Well, it’s not at all “magic” – instead, it's the latest science supporting the health benefits of properly-balanced nutrition.

 

In addition to these presentations, were outstanding lectures by Dr. Emma Stevenson (Northumbria University, Newcastle UK), an expert in glycemic index and mental/physical performance; Professor Victor Matsudo (University Gama Filho, Sao Paulo, Brazil); an expert in promoting physical activity; and Professor Romain Meeusen (Vrije Universiteit, Brussels, Belgium); an expert on the effects of exercise on the brain. Collectively, these global experts in nutrition, exercise, and health promotion provided one of the most outstanding scientific conferences in recent memory (and I attend a LOT of research conferences).

 

Look for future blogs and newsletters to cover some of the highlights from other presentations at ISENC, American College of Nutrition (ACN), and other scientific conferences.

 

Thanks for reading,

 

Shawn

 

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Shawn M. Talbott, Ph.D.

Nutritional Biochemist and Author

www.shawntalbott.com

 

NEW BOOK: The Secret of Vigor - How to Overcome Burnout, Restore Biochemical Balance, and Reclaim Your Natural Energy

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-Killer at Large - Why Obesity is America's Greatest Threat - an award-winning documentary film exploring the causes and solutions underlying the American obesity epidemic  (http://www.KilleratLarge.com)

-The Cortisol Connection - Why Stress Makes You Fat and Ruins Your Health (Hunter House) - http://www.cortisolconnection.com/

-The Cortisol Connection Diet - The Breakthrough Program to Control Stress and Lose Weight (Hunter House) - http://www.cortisolconnectiondiet.com/

-Cortisol Control and the Beauty Connection - The All-Natural Inside-Out Approach to Reversing Wrinkles, Preventing Acne, And Improving Skin Tone (Hunter House) - http://www.cortisolcontrol.com/

-Natural Solutions for Pain-Free Living - Lasting Relief for Flexible Joints, Strong Bones and Ache-Free Muscles (Chronicle Publishers - Currant Books) - http://painfreelivingbook.com/

-The Immune Miracle - The All-Natural Approach for Better Health, Increased Energy and Improved Mood (GLH Nutrition, 2012) - http://amzn.to/SPLV4W

-The Health Professionals Guide to Dietary Supplements (Lippincott, Williams & Wilkens) - http://www.supplementwatch.com/

-A Guide to Understanding Dietary Supplements - an Outstanding Academic Text of 2004 (Haworth Press) - http://www.supplementwatch.com/

 

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2012 Endurance Season Recap

by Shawn 5. November 2012 03:56

This past Saturday was the last race of the season – so time to switch gears for the “off-season” which will hopefully include lots of powder ski days!

 

My two major goals for 2012 were achieved!

 

My first goal was to finally break 3-hours in the marathon – which I’ve tried to do on many occasions and which I finally achieved with a 2:58 at the Salt Lake City Marathon in April.

 

My second major goal of the season was to finish the Wasatch 100 in September. The time limit for the Wasatch 100 is 36 hours – so I felt good to finish it on my first try in 32 hours and 32 minutes.

 

I had a LOT of help on both goals from my wife and Wicked Fast partner, Julie – who ran weekly treadmill intervals with me leading up to the SLC marathon  - and who crewed for me at the Wasatch 100 (including actually pacing/running with me for the last 25 miles – the hardest part of the course).

 

Here are my 2012 events with a few thoughts about each one…

 

April – Salt Lake City Marathon (2:58:10) – 17th place overall and 4th in my age group (40-44)…

Being a local race, Julie and I were able to sleep in our own bed (woohoo!) and wake up early for the race start. Julie did the half marathon and I did the full marathon.

 

We both trained our butts off – with a very consistent schedule of long steady runs on the weekends and short high-intensity intervals a couple of times each week (usually at lunch time at the gym). Most weeks, we would have one day of “shorter” intervals such as a ladder workout (1-2-3-2-1-1-2-3-2-1 for a total of 18 minutes of “hard” work) and one day of “longer” intervals such as a “5x5” (5 sets of 5 minutes hard) or “5xMile” (5 repeats of 1 mile). One of the secrets to proper interval training is to be sure to go hard on the “hard” efforts and easy on the “recovery” efforts – which sounds obvious. Unfortunately, too many athletes and coaches tend to go “medium hard” on the hard efforts and “medium easy” on the recovery efforts – so they never get the real benefits of intervals (which is to increase your lactate threshold and allow you to compete at a higher intensity before your body shifts from burning fat to burning sugar and accumulating lactic acid).

 

All in all, the training obviously worked – I was able to stay precisely on my target pace (~6:50/mile) without any fading. I had one little tough patch around mile 16-ish, but just then, the first place woman came by me and when I said, “Looking good” – she said, “Come with me” – so I did (for awhile). That change in pace was just enough to “wake up” my legs again and get me focused on staying on pace for the last 10 miles.

 

I didn’t really “know” that I had the sub-3 in the bag until about the last 2 miles, where I had about 2 minutes of “cushion” and just knew that even if I blew up right there, I’d still be able to gut it out.

 

Coming across the line and seeing two things will always be terrific memories – the clock at 2:58 – and Julie smiling away because she knew how hard I had worked for this one (and how long I’d been chasing it).

 

May – Draper Trail Run (15 miles) in 1:56:48 (1st place overall)…

This just a little hometown race on my local trails that I train on – literally in my back yard – so I know most of these trails like the back of my hand. My goal here was to see if I could cover the 15-mile course of very hilly single track in less than 2 hours. Mission accomplished due to my residual fitness from the SLC Marathon – and lots of fun getting to share the beautiful Draper trails with lots of good friends.

 

June – XTerra Triathlon Festival (Moab Utah) – 27th overall and 7th best overall run with 4th in age group (45-49)…

I had big plans for this race, despite having very few mountain bike or swimming miles under my belt. Unfortunately, I had a lackluster swim and then crashed in spectacular fashion during the bike leg – and then proceeded to crash 4 more times before the transition from bike to run. I really thought I had broken my wrist in the first crash – so each of the other wipeouts really hurt like hell. At the transition, Julie could see the bloody gashes on my legs and how I was holding my wrist and asked me if I was OK or if I wanted to drop out. But, I was so pissed about my poor bike leg, that I tore away from the bikes to “run off” my anger. I guess “running pissed” helped me because I had the 7th fastest run overall – but not enough to make up for the earlier bumbles. Still, any trip down to Moab is a good trip – we took the kids rafting, hiking, and horseback riding, so it was a fun trip for everyone.

 

September – Wasatch 100 Mile Endurance Run (Utah) – finished in 32 hours and 32 minutes (128th out of 213 finishers and 308 starters)…

This was the granddaddy of my 2012 events – 100 miles thru the rugged backcountry of the stunningly beautiful Wasatch range in Utah. If you’re an ultra-runner, then you know this event as one of the “big four” (along with Western States 100 in California, Leadville 100 in Colorado, and Vermont 100) – and if you’re “thinking” of attempting a 100-miler at some point in your life, then put Wasatch on your bucket list – you’ll be glad you did.

 

Julie dropped me off at the bus in downtown Salt Lake City around 4am – for the ride to the 5am start. The energy at the start of a 100-miler is always a strange mix of nervous/anxious/worry mixed with hopeful anticipation. We all know that we’re in for a long day ahead of us (hopefully hitting the finish line sometime before the cut-off – 36 hours later).

 

As with any 100-miler start, there was a lot of talking and laughing for the first bunch of miles – lots of questions from “Wasatch virgins” like me of the veterans about what to expect – where are the hard sections – what to keep in mind, etc. My “plan” for the day was to stay well-within myself – steady pace – keep fueling – take it easy. I have learned the hard way in other 100-milers about how a fast early pace (even when you’re feeling great) can come back to bite you. This time, I kept my iPod in my pocket for all but about 1-mile of the race because I was afraid that I’d get into a groove of jammin’ songs and I’d start running too fast too early. The only time I broke out the iPod was somewhere around mile 72 or 73 – just before I got to Brighton Lodge at mile 75 – because I was starting to fall asleep while running (it was coming up on 3am and I needed a little jolt of tunes to get me to the next aid station).

 

The race started simply enough just chugging along in the dark with my newest 300 friends. I used a small handheld flashlight for the first hour or so and then ditched it at the first aid station (Francis Peak – mile 18). It’s funny to think that after running for 18 miles, you’re just getting warmed up, but that’s exactly how I felt.

 

From 18 to the next major aid station (Big Mountain at mile 40), I just stayed on-pace with my drinking, eating, and supplements. I was carrying a water bottle, eating MonaVie RVL HDH Pro10 protein bars, and supplementing with both Recover-Ease and Energ-Ease from Wicked Fast. The Pro10 bars are 160 balanced calories of carb/protein/fat, but the unique aspect is the specially hydrolyzed whey protein (HDH – high degree of hydrolysis) that allows the amino acids to be digested easily and absorbed quickly. Normally, you wouldn’t care too much about protein intake during any endurance event, but during a 100-miler where you’re expecting to be going for more than 30 hours, the protein can make a huge difference in energy levels. The Energ-Ease is probably an obvious supplement for its ability to help my body use oxygen more efficiently and burn fat at a higher rate, but Energ-Ease also helps to balance stress hormones (cortisol/testosterone) to maintain stamina and mental focus in the later stages of an ultra event. Taking Recover-Ease during the event often surprises people who think of Recover-Ease as only a way to accelerate post-exercise recovery (which it does in amazing fashion), but we’ve found that the specific amino acid blend in Recover-Ease can also help to delay “central fatigue” during a long-distance event (anything 3 hours or longer). Central fatigue is when the brain simply says, “I’m done” and forces you to slow down due to what you might view as a “lack of drive” (it’s not “motivation” per se that is lacking, but instead a dearth of brain neurotransmitters that can be maintained with Recover-Ease).

 

At mile 40, we got to see our lovely crews at the Big Mountain aid station. I was there right on pace to find Julie waiting for me with fresh shoes and socks (a new pair of Hoka shoes and clean Drymax socks), food (turkey sandwich), and cold water (it was starting to get hot). I spent about 20 minutes at Big Mountain to make sure I was properly fueled – then off to the next big aid station 13 miles later at Lambs Canyon (mile 53). I felt great during this section – passing halfway and still feeling like I could keep going for hours and hours. I’ve been at mile 50 in plenty of races before, where I think, “Uh oh – I’m not sure I can do this again” – but so far, so good.

 

Lambs Canyon is an interesting aid station. Again, Julie was waiting for me with chair, food (chicken noodle soup with a scoop of mashed potatoes mixed in – it sounds gross, but it tasted SO good), lights (because it would get dark during the next leg), jacket (because it would start getting cold), and her typical big smile and energy (if I could only bottle that!). I spent another 20 minutes here because the next crew station would not be until 22 miles later at mile 75 at Brighton Lodge (a long way thru the cold dark canyons). I felt like a million bucks as a left Lambs Canyon around 7pm (14 hours into the race) and headed up the road toward the pass up and over into Millcreek canyon. For me, this was the hardest section of the race because it was dark, it was a relentless uphill, and it seemed to go on forever. I thought about taking out the trusty iPod to help motivate me – but I was afraid that I’d get “too motivated” and would burn thru vital energy going up and over the pass. By the time I got to the next major aid station (Big Water in Mill Creek canyon), I was freezing my ass off – so I checked in, changed into warm clothes (tights, gloves, hat, and jacket stashed in my drop bag) and sat in front of the heater drinking chicken broth. I spent almost 40 minutes at Millcreek trying to warm up – I never thought of dropping out, but it sucked to “lose” so much time there.

 

From Mill Creek (Big Water – mile 62) to Brighton Lodge (mile 70) was actually the section that was the most fun for me. It was pitch black – the stars were amazing – I was adequately fueled – and it was cold but I was now properly-dressed (there’s an old saying that there is no such thing as bad weather, only bad clothing). At the next 2 aid stations – Desolation Lake (mile 67) and Scotts Pass (mile 71), I spent 3 minutes and 2 minutes, respectively – just enough time to top off my water bottle. I was very motivated to get myself to the “crux” of the race – Brighton Lodge at mile 75.

 

Brighton Lodge is a crucial aid and crew station. It’s inside. It’s warm. They have breakfast cooking, so it smells warm and inviting. It’s basically HELL for a tired ultrarunner because Brighton can SUCK you in and it is here where lots of people DNF (do not finish). My mantra in the weeks leading up to Wasatch 100 was “GET OUT OF BRIGHTON!” – I even had it written on my drop bags. To help me “get out of Brighton” I asked Julie to “crew” me outside – our plan was for me to go inside to check in, but then come back out to the parking lot to eat, change shoes, take my supplements, and then get the heck back on the trail toward the finish. I even asked a few good friends to write some motivating words for me in a card – and Julie would only give me the card if I was having thoughts of dropping out. Luckily, I was feeling fantastic when I reached Brighton (cold, tired, and hungry, but relatively strong and motivated). We did not have to crew outside in the cold because I had no intention of DNFing at Brighton. Unfortunately, 4 or 5 people DNF’d in the 40 minutes that I was there (we decided to spent as much time as necessary for me to feel “ready” because there was no doubt at this point about reaching the finish line).

 

Julie and I rolled out of Brighton Lodge a little before 4am – into the cold and dark and toward the gnarliest section of the course (steep ups and steep downs) – but we were having a blast. Both with headlamps and handheld flashlights – we stopped to talk to the wonderful volunteers manning each of the aid stations (Ant Knolls at 80, Pole Line Pass at 83, Rock Springs at 87 where we also had breakfast, and Pot Bottom at 93) – these are great folks at every aid station and they are MUCH appreciated by each and every runner.

 

From Pot Bottom (mile 93) to the finish at The Homestead (100!) is the suckiest section of the entire course. We left Pot Bottom at a little past 11am, so it was starting to get warm again – and we had decided to stay in our tights (leaving our shorts in our drop bags at Pole Line Pass (10 miles and 3 hours previous) because it was still cold at 7am. It would have been really nice to have been wearing shorts during these last 2 hours because it heated up very quickly – but c’est la vie – with every step (and every curse word out of my mouth for the “evil” race organizers) we were getting closer to our goal of finishing the Wasatch 100.

 

About 3 miles from the finish, we saw Karl Meltzer (the speed goat himself) coming up the trail toward us (Karl coached me for this event and I would highly recommend him if you want some guidance for your next Ultra) – so he offered some encouraging words and basically said, “Suck it up, you’re almost there!” – which I really needed at this point. The last few miles are some of the sketchiest, crappiest, poor footing, slippery, junk trails that I have ever had the displeasure to run (especially considering that the Wasatch range also has some of the most beautiful trails in the entire world). Maybe I was just a little bit cranky from running for over 30 hours?

 

Overall, it took me 32 hours and 32 minutes – which is well within the cut-off of 36 hours – so I felt good about that. Being a “mere mortal” it is often humbling to run the same course with the elite athletes who finish hours and hours ahead (the winner this year finished in 19:33 – or 13 HOURS ahead of me! Sheesh! There were also 77 DNFs and 18 “DNS” (did not start) for various reasons from injury to fatigue to who-knows-what. To those folks, I’ll encourage them to come back for another go – I’ve been on the bad side of a DNF and it “hurts” even worse than whatever it was that actually caused your decision to drop.

 

Hitting the finish line was terrific – Julie and I running in together was a hoot – especially after about 10 hours since Brighton Lodge and after almost a year of steady training. We had some great friends there to meet us at the finish – and with a cooler full of cold Newcastle Brown Ale (the beer that Julie and I consider to be “our” beer – long story, but romantic, and for another time).

 

November – Moab Trail Marathon – 4:16, 55th overall and 11th in age group (40-49)…

This event was just a “fun” event for both of us – I did the full marathon and Julie did the half marathon – just like we did last year. This was perhaps the MOST beautiful race we have ever done in our lives – so we just had to come back for another go. Last year, it was pouring rain and we were literally running IN the streams – but this year was completely dry – so the event was very different from one year to the next (but stunningly beautiful both times). Julie ran exactly the same time this year as what she ran in 2011 – so that tells me that she is equally good in the mud or the sand! I was 21st overall in 4:29 in 2011 – so without the rain/wet, I shaved 13 minutes off my time from last year (but even with a better time of 4:16, I came in at 55th place because of all the fast runners chasing the USA Trail Championships this year). The winner “just nipped” me at the line (by 1 hour and 8 minutes) – sheesh! This event is a terrific excuse to get down to Moab and “sight see” some of the most beautiful red rock scenery in the world.

 

Thanks to everyone who followed, helped, encouraged, and cajoled me through each of these events. I hope each and every one of you achieved your 2012 goals – endurance and otherwise – and looking forward to a fruitful 2013!

 

Remember to please “stay tuned” to this blog and to my YouTube Channel for future updates about some of the natural approaches to Beating Burnout and restoring your natural Vigor.

 

Shawn

 

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About the author: Shawn M Talbott is a nutritionist (PhD, Nutritional Biochemistry, Rutgers), physiologist (MS, Exercise Science, UMass Amherst) and lifestyle entrepreneur (EMP, Entrepreneurship, Massachusetts Institute of Technology). Dr. Talbott is the author of 10 books translated into multiple languages and has appeared on numerous media outlets including The Dr Oz Show (to talk about vigor) and The White House (to talk about obesity). He competes in Ironman triathlons and runs ultramarathons – and tries to make each event as much of a family affair as possible.

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Weight Cycling and Weight Gain in Elite Athletes

by Shawn 24. October 2012 03:41

An interesting study in the International Journal of Obesity (vol. 30, pp. 1639-1644, 2006) found that athletes who “weight cycle” (gain and lose weight over and over to “get in shape” for competitions) were more likely to have weight problems later in life.

 

Researchers from the University of Helsinki in Finland studied the effects of repeated cycles of weight loss and regain in almost 2,000 elite-level athletes from the time they were young adults (20 years of age) and followed their weight change into their 60s.

 

Results showed that the more an athlete “cycled” their weight, the more likely they were to gain significant amounts of weight in their later years. The weight cyclers were also more than 3-times more likely to become obese compared to those who maintained a stable weight as young athletes.

 

The authors concluded that, “repeated cycles of weight loss and regain appear to enhance subsequent weight gain and may predispose to obesity. Chronic dieting with weight cycling may be harmful for permanent weight control.”

 

As endurance athletes, most of our non-athletic friends, family, colleagues, and co-workers assume that we’re “lean and mean” and have no worries about body weight or fat percentage. You and I both know otherwise! If I’m 10% body fat – I want to be 8% or 6% for my next triathlon or ultra. As a nutritionist, I know better than to crash diet to hit a particular number on the scale – because poor fueling leads directly and immediately to poor training, which leads eventually to poor performances. This study in IJO supports that fact that poor weight management in our youth (when we’re supposedly invincible) can come back to haunt our health decades later – with inability to maintain our younger lean physiques – and a much higher rate of significant fat gain (due to disrupted metabolism that we consequently fight against for our entire lives).

 

Rather than “dieting” to achieve a target body fat percentage for a particular event, I simply focus more on eating right (try my “Helping Hand” approach to eating for some ideas), focus on my high-intensity interval training session (HIIT – perhaps the best “fat-blasting” exercise method – but also very intense and best used in later-phase training periods), and focus on my supplementation regimen (especially Energ-Ease for beta-oxidation/”fat-burn” and Intense Defense for muscle maintenance).

 

Energ-Ease helps your body use oxygen more efficiently – thus increasing your ability to use stored fat for endurance fuel – while also helping to control cortisol/testosterone ratio to specifically help reduce belly fat. Intense Defense provides a range of nutrients to help increase beta-oxidation (the cellular process of fat burning) while also stimulating protein synthesis to help you “keep the lean” – so we keep the muscle that we’ve worked so hard to build, while encouraging fat loss in several ways at the same time.

 

With the end of the 2012 endurance season fast approaching (we have one more major event – the Moab Trail Marathon on November 3) – we’re all entering the “off-season” where weight gain can become a major factor. Nobody wants to enter the 2013 endurance season overweight and “wicked slow” – so let’s use this 2012-13 off-season to keep our body fat low and our lean mass high – so we don’t “weight cycle” ourselves into problems later in life.

 

Our post-exercise recovery supplement, Recover-Ease, is by far our best-selling product (used by thousands and thousands of endurance athletes around the world) – so if you’ve never tried our Energ-Ease or Intense Defense, then this “off-season” is the time to experiment.

 

For a limited time, all orders of Intense Defense will also receive a FREE bottle of Energ-Ease (a $40 value). This gives you the opportunity to experience for yourself how Wicked Fast Sports Nutrition can help you reach the next level in your endurance endeavors.

 

Use Code# “OFF12” at checkout to receive your free bottle of Energ-Ease with your order of Intense Defense.

 

Thanks for reading,

 

Shawn

=================

Thanks for reading - and please “stay tuned” to this blog and to my YouTube Channel for future updates about some of the natural approaches to Beating Burnout, Enhancing Endurance, and restoring your natural Vigor.

 

About the author: Shawn M Talbott is a nutritionist (PhD, Nutritional Biochemistry, Rutgers), physiologist (MS, Exercise Science, UMass Amherst) and lifestyle entrepreneur (EMP, Entrepreneurship, Massachusetts Institute of Technology). Dr. Talbott is the author of 10 books translated into multiple languages and has appeared on numerous media outlets including The Dr Oz Show (to talk about vigor) and The White House (to talk about obesity). He competes in Ironman triathlons and runs ultramarathons – which allows him to communicate with the voices in his head…

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Why Aren’t We Eating Our Veggies?

by Shawn 12. October 2012 05:35

Antioxidants Related to Heart Health
A recent study published this month in the American Journal of Medicine (Oct 2012) found a strong relationship between antioxidants in the diet and risk for heart attack. The researchers from the Karolinska Institute in Sweden found that women who had the highest levels of “total antioxidant capacity” from fruits, vegetables, coffee, and whole grains also had the lowest risk for heart attack over a 10-year period (approximately a 20% reduction compared to women with lower antioxidant intake).

 

You would think this new study would be terrific news because eating more high-antioxidant foods like fruits/veggies and whole grains is a low-cost and effective way to significantly reduce a primary killer of millions of people every year. Unfortunately, we know from numerous population surveys that despite the widespread understanding that dietary antioxidants are “good” and that eating more fruits/veggies is associated with reduced risk for chronic diseases including obesity – we’re simply not consuming nearly enough fruits or vegetables to make a meaningful difference for our health.

 

For endurance athletes, the importance of getting enough antioxidants in your diet cannot be overstated. Every time we’re out there going hard, we’re also bombarding ourselves with damaging free radicals – from the sun, the air we’re breathing, and the ramped-up metabolism that is simply the cost of high-intensity exercise. The more we exercise – and the higher the intensity – the more free radicals we produce and the more havoc they can wreak throughout the body. Luckily, exercise also stimulates our body’s own production of protective antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, glutathione, and super oxide dismutase. Unfortunately, if we’re truly training hard – such as for a marathon or Ironman or ultra – its likely that our free radical protection overwhelms our ability to produce enough of our own antioxidants – meaning that getting them from the diet is even more important.

 

Pitiful Diets

The recommended intake of fruits and vegetables is 10-12 servings per day (which varies slightly based on age, gender, calorie needs, and slight differences between guidelines from different health organizations). Data from both the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) and the USDA (United States Dept of Agriculture) indicate that the average consumption of fruits and vegetables in the USA is 1.8 servings per day (which is pitiful).

 

A recent study from the CDC of fruit and vegetable intake among adults and teens in the USA found pretty much the same pitiful intake (Medscape J Med 2009; 11(1):26), with fewer than 1 in 10 Americans meeting the recommendations for daily fruit/veggie intake. Only 3% of adult women were found to meet the recommended intake of both fruits and vegetables – with men (2%) and teens (1%) doing even worse.

 

The most-consumed “fruit” in the CDC study was orange juice  (followed closely by apple juice and bananas) – and the most-consumed “vegetable” was potatoes (as French fries) followed by lettuce and pizza sauce. Some of the most nutritious vegetables – those that are dark green and orange because they are rich in carotenoids – were almost non-existent in the CDC study, despite their intake being linked to reduced risk for stroke, heart disease, cancer, diabetes, and obesity.

 

Research results like these are almost enough to make a nutritionist like myself rip my hair out (if I had any hair) because we KNOW that if people ate more fresh fruits and veggies that their antioxidant levels would rise and their risk for a wide range of chronic conditions would fall (along with their weight). Alas, we’ve been encouraging people to eat more fruits/veggies for decades and the numbers just don’t seem to budge – lots of people just don’t seem willing to eat their peas.

 

Where Do Antioxidant Supplements Fit In?

If you’re not eating your fruits and veggies – please make an effort. But if you can’t – or won’t – eat the recommended amount, then maybe an antioxidant supplement can “make up” for some of the health benefits that you’re missing? Yes and No.

 

It’s not uncommon for people to learn about the potential health benefits of antioxidants, get excited, and run off the deep end with mega-doses of isolated vitamin supplements. Yes, it’s true that “too few” antioxidants in your body can lead to a range of health problems – but it’s also true that “too many” of certain antioxidants can also lead to problems. We see this most clearly in situations where people supplement with mega-doses of isolated synthetic antioxidants such as vitamins C or E or minerals such as zinc or selenium. Such mega-doses can actually create an imbalance in the body that causes oxidative damage from free radicals – rather than prevents the damage. Talk about unintended consequences!

 

However, a well-formulated and balanced antioxidant supplement (such as Intense Defense) can certainly deliver the “antioxidant equivalent” of 10-12 servings of fruits and vegetables (depending on the content of vitamins/minerals, carotenoids, and flavonoids). Intense Defense is the only dietary supplement specifically formulated for endurance athletes to:

 

       Provide (essential nutrients)

       Protect (from environmental toxins and tissue damage)

       Promote (optimal endurance, energy metabolism, and lean muscle mass)

 

Intense Defense provides your body with a comprehensive balance of essential nutrients – vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, and phytonutrients to ensure optimal nutrition & support health and wellness.

 

       Full complement of highly-absorbed essential vitamins, chelated minerals, and plant-derived fatty acids including:

â—¦       A full clinically-effective amount of Vitamin D (2,000IU)

â—¦       Proprietary blend of natural Vitamin E Complex including Annatto Tocotrienols to support cardiovascular function with all 8 members of the vitamin E super-family (alpha- beta- gamma- and delta- forms of both tocopherols & tocotrienols)

â—¦       Minerals are provided as fully-reacted amino acid chelates to optimize tolerance (no GI issues) and absorption

 

Intense Defense protects your body with our “Wicked-Mend” proprietary blend of nutrients. Wicked-Mend accelerates tissue repair by controlling oxidation, reducing inflammation, and supporting liver detoxification pathways to protect you from the harmful effects of toxins in the environment (air and water pollution) as well as those generated by exercise (oxidizing free radicals and inflammatory cytokines).

 

Wicked-Mend includes:

â—¦       Anti-inflammatory plant-derived omega-3 fatty acids

â—¦       Network of antioxidant phytonutrients (Curcuminoids, Phenols, Zingerberenes, & Ursolics)

â—¦       Support of Phase I & Phase II Detoxification pathways (Glucarates, Silymarins, & Thiols)

 

Intense Defense promotes optimal energy metabolism with our “Wicked-Burn” proprietary blend of nutrients. Wicked-Burn maintains lean muscle mass, enhances endurance performance (glucose-management and blood flow), and promotes fat-burning.

 

Wicked-Burn includes:

â—¦       Bioactive amino acids, Leucine & HMB (hydroxymethylbutyrate)

â—¦       Mitochondrial supportive nutrients, Beta-Alanine & Quercetin

â—¦       Beta-oxidation enhancers (fat-burning), Fucoxanthin & Fucoidin

 

Combined with Energ-Ease (before exercise) and Recover-Ease (post-exercise), Intense Defense gives your body a broad-spectrum array of premium nutrients to help you perform at your peak potential.

 

This is all great – and Intense Defense can truly make a meaningful difference in your training nutrition, but keep in mind that supplements can never fully “replace” our need for fruits/veggies because missing from the supplement will be the soluble and insoluble fiber as well as miscellaneous phytonutrients that are naturally found in the plants. Remember – your first approach to ensure optimal antioxidant protection is to consume 10-12 servings of brightly colored fruits and vegetables on a daily basis – but when “life” gets in the way and you find yourself short on fruit/veggie intake, you can reach for a balanced antioxidant supplement to help fill the gap and help protect your health.

 

About the author: Shawn M Talbott is a nutritionist (PhD, Nutritional Biochemistry, Rutgers) and physiologist (MS, Exercise Science, UMass Amherst). He competes in Ironman triathlons and runs ultramarathons – which he finds easier than getting his 10-12 servings of fruits/veggies everyday.

 

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BCAAs Reduce Muscle Damage and Accelerate Recovery

by Shawn 26. July 2012 10:12

New research (Journal of the International Society for Sports Nutrition) from scientists in England (Northumbria University and St. Mary’s College) and South Africa (University of Johannesburg) shows that supplementation with BCAAs (valine, leucine, isoleucine) not only increases protein synthesis and decreases muscle protein breakdown, but also enhances recovery and reduces muscle soreness after intense exercise.

 

The BCAAs are a group of essential amino acids that serve as a key substrate for protein synthesis and soft tissue repair following intense (damaging) exercise. Supplementation with BCAAs has been shown in numerous research studies to conserve muscle mass during weight loss and intense training (both of which are conditions typically characterized by protein loss and catabolism). Following either resistance training (weight lifting) or endurance exercise, BCAAs have been shown to be beneficial in reducing muscle damage and accelerating the recovery process - with the largest degree of benefit demonstrated following the most intense/extreme training regimens.

 

This means that the “harder and faster” you go, the more you’re likely to benefit from supplementation with BCAAs to accelerate recovery and help you avoid over-reaching/over-training syndrome.

 

Most research studies have used doses of BCAAs in the range of 20 grams - a very high dose that is often associated with gastrointestinal side effects such as stomaches, gas, bloating, and diarrhea. Here at Wicked Fast, we spent about 2 years working on different ratios of BCAAs to Glutamine before we arrived at the “secret sauce” in Recover-Ease, which is a proprietary blend of these 4 amino acids that is taken up and delivered to target tissues at an accelerated rate. What this means to you is that Recover-Ease is an optimized approach to accelerating recovery from intense endurance training - without the common GI side effects associated with other shotgun approaches to BCAA supplementation.

 

The Recover-Ease blend combines our “1(3:1:1)” blend of essential amino acids with proteolytic (antiinflammatory) enzymes, and antioxidants to deliver a recovery-enhancement effect that is truly second-to-none for hard-core endurance athletes. Our formula is based on the knowledge that the damage response following intense exercise is bi-phasic in nature - meaning that there is a primary phase of damage caused by the mechanical stress of exercise, followed by a secondary inflammatory response that can last for hours or days. Each of these phases increases amino acid uptake in the affected tissue (muscles, ligaments, tendons, lungs, immune cells, etc) due to increased demands for use as an energy source and in pathways responsible for cell signaling and subsequent muscle remodeling. The Recover-Ease formula provides the substrate amino acids in the optimal ratios as well as anti-inflammatory/antioxidant nutrients to facilitate the secondary “repair” response and therefore decrease secondary damage while accelerating tissue repair.

 

We recommend taking Recover-Ease as soon as possible following intense exercise because the residual post-exercise blood flow enhances delivery of the nutrients to the muscles that were just damaged. This approach has been shown in several studies to accelerate recovery (measured by muscles soreness as well as recovery of muscle function) to a significant degree compared to waiting 2 or more hours to consume amino acids (BCAAs appear in blood within 15-30 minutes after ingestion).

 

Recover-Ease helps you bounce back faster from workout to workout - so you can go hard day in and day out (which makes you Wicked Fast). Our products are guaranteed to help to train harder - go further - and feel great while you’re doing it. Give them a try - you won’t be disappointed.

 

Thanks for reading,

 

Shawn

====================

Shawn M. Talbott, Ph.D.

C.E.O. (Chief Endurance Officer)

Wicked Fast Sports Nutrition

648 E Rocky Knoll

Draper, UT 84020

801-576-0788

Shawn@WickedFastSN.com

www.WickedFastSportsNutrition.com

 

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Energy Drinks - Yeah or Nay?

by Shawn 23. July 2012 16:04

There is no denying that energy drinks are popular – Americans consume nearly $8 billion dollars of Red Bull, Rockstar, Monster and related beverages every year. Numerous media reports have called energy drinks “useless” to “dangerous” (including the popular Dr. Oz Show, on which I’ve appeared as a guest and which I consult with from time to time on segments related to dietary supplements). 

Although most energy drinks are little more than flavored caffeine/sugar concoctions, some products are striking out in new directions to deliver the energy boost that tired consumers are craving without the sugary side effects. As a nutritionist, I’m often conflicted when I’m asked if energy drinks are “safe” for kids (they are – if you choose intelligently) or whether they’re “healthy” to consume on a daily basis (most are certainly not, but some newer options are coming close).

Sugar Rush

All of the mainstream energy drinks deliver 3-4 grams of sugar per ounce – so for drinks ranging from 8 to 20 ounces, you’re looking at a massive dose of 25-80 grams of sugar. Your typical 12-ounce Coke packs 39 grams of sugar per can (almost 10 teaspoons of sugar and 160 calories). The sugar-free versions aren’t much better because you’re trading your sugar rush for a range of artificial sweeteners that often can only trick your brain and taste buds temporarily (you’re appetite is likely to increase significantly in the evening after having consumed an artificially-sweetened beverage earlier in the day – so you end up consuming those “missing” sugar calories later anyway – more on this delayed appetite effect of artificial sweeteners in a future blog).

Palatinose is a brand name of isomaltulose – a unique natural sugar that is absorbed about 50% slower than regular sugar (sucrose). This makes isomaltulose a “low glycemic” type of sugar that is less likely to result in the “spikes” of blood glucose that are common with traditional energy drinks. Isomaltulose is a form of sucrose (cane sugar) that has been naturally fermented in a way that slows its rate of absorption (which is good for energy levels, brain function, and fat-burning). For example, consuming an energy drink sweetened with sugar or high fructose corn syrup is likely to result in a fast rise in blood glucose (and a resulting spike in energy levels and rapid drop in fat-burning), but is also likely to result (about 90 minutes later) in a fast drop in blood glucose levels and a corresponding fall in mental and physical energy levels.

Caffeine Connection

Most mainstream soft drinks and energy drinks use synthetic caffeine added at 50-200mg per can to their high fructose corn syrup and artificial colors – not a very appetizing brew (5-Hour Energy has 207mg, Red Bull has 80mg, Coke has 35mg, and a typical coffee has 100mg). This level of caffeine has been shown to improve subjective feelings of physical energy, mental focus, and reaction time, alertness, and overall cognitive performance. A handful of studies have also demonstrated an improvement in energy expenditure (burning more calories) as well as improved physical performance in both sprint and endurance events.

Clearly, there is a short-term benefit of energy drinks on various aspects of mental and physical performance – but what about the long-term health effects? It’s obvious that high doses of sugar are detrimental to health in myriad ways from insulin overload to outright addiction. Caffeine overdoses are associated with elevated stress responses, higher blood pressure and heart rate, exacerbated hyperglycemia, tension, and insomnia. 

As a physiologist, nutritionist, and endurance athlete, I don’t want anyone to be over-consuming either sugar or caffeine, and when they (myself include) DO consume energy drinks, I’d prefer the sugars to have a lower glycemic index (such as Palatinose) and the caffeine to come from natural sources (which can be “slower” forms of caffeine in several ways). Plants such as Green Tea Leaves, Coffee Beans, Guarana Seeds, Maca Roots, Cha de Burge Fruits, Yerba Mate Leaves, and Kola Nuts are all rich sources of natural caffeine that tend to be absorbed into the blood stream more slowly than synthetic caffeine. The combination of natural caffeine plus lower-glycemic sugars results in a more sustained, longer lasting, and less “jittery” form of energy – without the common up/down spikes that come from many mainstream energy drinks.

Added Supplements

At the more “premium” end of the energy drink spectrum (not the stuff you buy at the gas station), it’s becoming more common to see exotic energy boosters such as Panax ginseng (very effective for mental/physical energy, but also very expensive) and stamina/endurance enhancers such as Ribose (great for cardiovascular and muscular energy), as well as amino acids such as Taurine (to increase blood flow) and Tyrosine (for mental focus). Unfortunately, these exotic ingredients are often added to many energy drinks in tiny “pixie dust” amounts (too little to be effective) – so don’t put too much faith in a long list of exotic ingredients unless the actual product has undergone some level of scientific validation of its energy boosting claims.

Summary

The bottom line when it comes to energy drinks is to look for some of the “healthier” options that are coming to market – those with “slower” types of both sugar and natural caffeine, perhaps combined with meaningful levels of exotics such as panax ginseng, ribose, and tyrosine – for a more sustained increase in whole-body energy levels and improvement in mental focus.

 

About the Author: Dr. Shawn Talbott holds a MS in exercise science (UMass Amherst) and PhD in nutritional biochemistry (Rutgers). As an exhausted dad, scientist, and ultramarathoner, he is a frequent user of energy drinks that take a healthier approach to restoring mental and physical energy levels.


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What is the "Best" Protein?

by Shawn 19. July 2012 05:43

Of all the nutrition questions that I’m asked, one of the most common is about the “best” type of protein. My first response is typically to ask the person “best for what?” - because the answer to the “best” protein question tends to differ depending on what you want the protein to be doing in your diet.

 

If you'd rather see a "video version" of this blog - you can watch a summary of this info on YouTube

 

If you’re simply looking for a source of protein calories, such as to serve as a meal replacement, then almost any type of protein will do the trick (whether from casein, whey, egg, soy, rice, hemp, pea, and a variety of other sources). However, if you want the protein for a specific purpose such as weight loss, or muscle mass, or appetite control, or exercise recovery, then you can maximize your benefits by selecting the “correct” protein for the desired effect. You may also have to consider other factors such as whether or not you’re able to digest lactose (the sugar in milk) which will be found in milk protein isolates and in most whey protein concentrates (but not in highly purified whey protein isolates or non-milk proteins such as soy). If you’re a vegetarian, then whey protein (from cow’s milk) is certainly not going to be the “best” choice for you. If, like a lot of people including my son, you’re allergic to casein (also from cow’s milk), then that is not a great option for you. 

 

When it comes to the “best” protein, there is a lot more to consider than simply the source (casein, whey, soy, etc) and the amount (how many grams per serving). Discussions of the value of protein supplements have become a great deal more complicated in the last several years. This is due not to the debate concerning whether or not athletes or dieters require greater dietary protein intakes compared to their sedentary or non-dieting counterparts (the scientific consensus is quite clear that athletes and dieters clearly benefit from increased protein intake) – but rather to the explosion in marketing of various forms of protein fractions as casein, whey, soy, and many others. The protein debate has slowly changed from “how much?” to one of “which protein is best?” – with no shortage of opinions.

 

If you look closely at the scientific research, there is very good evidence that protein needs are elevated by exercise training, infection, and periods of acute and chronic stress - including the “stress” of caloric restriction for weight loss. Some of the best evidence comes from studies of competitive athletes, in whom protein needs are nearly doubled during periods of intense training and competition. Athletes competing in power or strength sports probably require about 1.6 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight, while endurance-trained athletes may need about 1.3 grams per kg. This ends up working out to about 0.6-0.75 grams of protein per pound of body weight - so a 140lb “dieting” woman might need 80-90 grams of protein per day while a 200lb “dieting” man might need 120-150 grams per day.

 

Here is a “cheat sheet” (with detailed discussion below) to help you determine the “best” protein for a particular benefit...

 

 

Desired Effect

Best Protein

General Nutrition

Soy Protein Isolate (water-extracted to retain naturally-occurring isoflavones)

Weight Loss (fat loss & muscle maintenance)

Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)

Appetite Control

Whey Protein Hydrolysate (WPH) - taken between meals

Muscle Growth

Whey Protein Hydrolysate (WPH) - taken before resistance training

Slowing Muscle Breakdown

Casein - taken before bedtime

Post-Exercise Recovery

Glutamine & BCAAs (branched chain amino acids = valine, leucine, isoleucine)

 

 

 

General Nutrition (Soy Protein Isolate)

Soy protein has been criticized by some nutritionists as being an “inferior” dietary source of protein – but such criticisms are unfounded for the more modern purified soy protein isolates (90%-97% protein) that are currently marketed as dietary supplements. 

 

Soy protein has primarily been studied for its benefits in reducing hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol), slowing bone loss, alleviating menopausal symptoms (hot flashes), and preventing cancers of the breast and prostate. Some, but not all, of the beneficial effects of soy protein appear to be due to the presence of antioxidant/flavonoid phytonutrients called isoflavones (primarily daidzein and genistein). 

 

The vast majority of studies that have investigated the health effects of soy protein, have looked at various indices of heart disease and osteoporosis, so soy protein should be thought of more as a “general health” protein than as a specific approach to fat loss or muscle maintenance (where whey appears to be much more effective).

 

Soy protein is considered to be quite safe – with as much as 60 grams of protein containing 90mg of isoflavones being used with no adverse effects in studies of up to one year. When selecting a soy protein, be sure to look for a “water-extracted” soy protein isolate, which avoids the use of harsh chemical extraction methods and retains a higher level of the naturally-occurring isoflavones that have been linked to reduced cancer rates.

 

Weight Loss (Whey Protein Isolate)

Keep in mind that whenever I use the term, “weight loss” I’m referring to a specific loss of fat with maintenance of lean/muscle mass. You can follow lots of diets that result in massive weight loss from water and muscle mass in just a few days - but that is neither healthy nor sustainable.

 

Whey is one of the proteins found in milk (the other is casein). Whey protein accounts for only about 20% of the total protein found in milk, while casein makes up about 80% of milk protein. Long considered a useless by-product of dairy (cheese) manufacturing, whey protein is enjoying an increased interest as a protein supplement.  Because whey protein includes a variety of immunoglobulin compounds (alpha-lactalbumin, beta-lactoglobulin, lactoferrin, albumin, and immunoglobulins A, G and M), whey supplements are often touted as effective in boosting immune protection and enhancing post-exercise recovery. Whey protein also contains lactoferrin, a protein that has been shown to possess bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity against microorganisms that can cause gastroenteric infections and food poisoning.

 

Whey protein also contains approximate 20-30% of its amino acid content as branched chain amino acids (BCAAs = leucine, isoleucine, and valine) – which can be readily oxidized by the muscle as energy and may be associated with a delay in fatigue during long-duration exercise, especially in the heat.

 

In addition to its high content of immunoglobulins and BCAAs, whey protein is also a rich source of cysteine – an important amino acid constituent of the endogenous antioxidant glutathione. Intense exercise is known to reduce cellular glutathione levels – so high-cysteine whey protein supplements may be an effective approach to restoring glutathione levels in the body.

 

It is important to note that commercial whey proteins can differ dramatically from one another depending on the processing method and the total protein content. For example, whey protein can exist as simple whey powder (30% or less total protein content), whey protein concentrate (30-85% protein) or whey protein isolate (90% or higher protein content). In the case of whey protein isolates (the most expensive type), two key processing methods, ion exchange filtration and cross-flow micro-filtration, can remove different components of the total whey protein, resulting in end products with different taste, texture and functional properties. Whey proteins processed using the ion exchange methodology appear to retain the majority of the functional benefits associated with immune system maintenance. 

 

Whey protein has been used in a number of animal and human feeding studies, where it has shown benefits in promoting fat loss, stimulating muscle gain, elevating glutathione levels, and preventing metabolic acidosis (although this effect can be claimed for virtually any high-quality protein source). When compared to other protein sources (casein and soy), whey protein isolate is significantly more effective in terms of fat loss and muscle gain benefits across a wide range of scientific studies (athletes/dieters).

 

Appetite Control (Whey Protein Hydrolysate)

Whey protein isolate (WPI - as discussed above) is sometimes referred to as a “fast protein” to indicate its faster rate of digestion and absorption compared to proteins such as casein which are digested at a “slower” rate. Whey Protein Hydrolysate (WPH) is whey protein isolate that has been “hydrolyzed” - or partially digested with enzymes - to result in a blend of shorter protein chains (peptides) which have even faster digestion and absorption than the already-fast WPI. This means that in addition to serving as an excellent source of fat-burning/muscle-building whey protein, WPH has the additional benefit of working fast. This rapid speed of absorption of di- and tri-peptides into the bloodstream also sends two very important signals - one to the brain (reducing appetite) and another to muscles (stimulating protein synthesis). This direct appetite-reducing effect makes WPH an outstanding part of a “between-meal” snack (such as a bar) to help reduce cravings from one meal to the next. 

 

Muscle Growth (Whey Protein Hydrolysate)

Taken before resistance training (to maximize delivery of the protein peptides to the working muscles), WPH rapidly stimulates protein synthesis (muscle building). See the discussion above regarding the appetite-controlling benefits of WPH. When choosing a WPH, look for a “high-DH” version (DH = “degree of hydrolysis”) which indicates a high concentration of the specific di- and tri-peptides that are associated with the appetite and muscle building effects of WPH.

 

Slowing Muscle Breakdown (Casein)

Casein is the “other” protein in milk (along with whey) - but whey gets a lot more attention because of its benefits for fat loss and muscle maintenance. When taken before bedtime, casein (as a “slow” protein) can have some amazing benefits in slowing the “catabolic” (breakdown) effects of overnight fasting (where muscle mass can be lost in hard-training athletes). The average non-athlete who is interested in protein for weight loss or general nutrition can probably skip the nighttime casein - but the “slow trickle” delivery of amino acids from casein can help to slow muscle loss - which, for a high-level athlete can make a meaningful difference in muscular size, power, and athletic performance.

 

Post-Exercise Recovery (Glutamine & BCAAs)

Whey protein isolate (WPI - see above) is a rich source of essential amino acids including glutamine, cysteine, and the 3 BCAAs. There is growing evidence that specialized amino acid mixtures based on essential or semi-essential amino acids (and above and beyond what can be provided by whey protein supplements), can be especially beneficial for promoting post-exercise recovery, stimulating muscle growth, and accelerating wound healing (especially of soft tissues such as muscles, tendons, and ligaments). For hard-training athletes, exercise recovery can be enhanced by increased intake of 4 specific amino acids; glutamine and the 3 branched-chain amino acids (valine, leucine, isoleucine). Benefits shown in research studies of glutamine/BCAAs include reduced muscle soreness, improved immune system function (fewer upper-respiratory tract infections), increased energy/mood levels, and faster return to “normal” levels of intense training after competition. As with nighttime casein described above, the average dieter or health enthusiast can probably skip the use of post-exercise glutamine/BCAAs - but competitive athletes who are training hard on a daily basis will find that the speedier recovery that comes with glutamine/BCAAs means a higher level of performance in both training and competition.

 

Summary

I hope some of that helps you choose the “best” protein for your particular needs. Just keep in mind that if you’re looking for “general nutrition” go for a high-quality soy protein isolate. If you’re looking for weight loss (fat loss plus muscle maintenance), go for a whey protein isolate. For maximal appetite-controlling and muscle-stimulating effects, go for a whey protein hydrolysate (take it between meals for the appetite effects and before workouts for the muscle effects). Lastly, for competitive athletes, post-exercise consumption of glutamine/BCAAs can enhance recovery.

 

Thanks for reading. Let me know your comments below - including any other nutrition/fitness topics you’d like me to cover...

 

In health,

 

Shawn

 

About the Author: Dr. Shawn Talbott holds a MS in Exercise Science (UMass Amherst) and PhD in Nutritional Biochemistry (Rutgers). As an avid endurance nut (15 Ironman triathlons, 8 ultramarathons, and dozens of marathons and Olympic-distance triathlons), he eats all of these protein sources in abundance.


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Sponsorships?

by Shawn 30. May 2012 11:13

When it comes to answering the “sponsorship” question, let me first start with simply saying that I “get” it - really. Endurance athletes, especially fast ones, love to get stuff for free - and love to wear logos from “sponsors” - and love even more to get PAID to use free logo’d stuff from sponsors. As a sponsored athlete “back in the day” in cycling, triathlon, and rowing (by the US Olympic Committee, Texaco, Trek, Exceed, Powerbar, and others) I completely and totally understand that sponsorship is what drives a large portion of the endurance sports category. If someone wants to pay you to eat Powerbars instead of Clif bars - or pay you to ride Trek bicycles instead of Specialized, then you should do it! I’m not at all “against” sponsorship, but it’s just not how we operate at Wicked Fast.

 

At Wicked Fast, we take the approach that by avoiding the high-costs associated with sponsorships (and advertising), we can offer a more premium, higher potency, more effective formula - and offer it at a very reasonable price to our customers.

 

Most of our “competitors” (so-called) have sponsorship programs where they PAY athletes to use their products and wear their shirts and hats. Good for them - and if you can get one of these deals, then you should take it! In effect, you’re getting free stuff that is being subsidized by actual paying customers who see you representing “Company X” and figure they’ll buy those products for their own use. The problem with this approach is that the paying customer gets screwed because the product that they are buying is either over-priced (to pay for advertising and sponsorship) or the formula is cheap (to leave enough room for adequate “markup” to an acceptable retail price).

 

When we started Wicked Fast back in 2004, we wanted to make the best, most-effective, ultra-premium formulas - AND sell them for a reasonable price to endurance athletes JUST LIKE US who were paying for their own products and wanted to supercharge their own performance. In the world of nutrition products, the ideas of “premium formula” and “reasonable cost” tend to be opposite objectives (trust me, I have formulated some of the top-selling nutrition products across retail, infomercial, MLM, and other channels).

 

We recently had a very accomplished ultra-runner email us and say, “Hey Guys, Company X’s sponsorship program is spreading like wildfire and even though I like your products much better, I might have to jump on that bandwagon.” My response was - “Go for it!” - and I sincerely hope that this runner can get some financial support from Company X.

 

Another example is a very-accomplished Xterra (off-road) triathlete that is PAID by another nutrition company to wear their logo and “represent” their products - but who also buys and resells Wicked Fast products to the athletes that they coach (because they want their athletes to achieve their best performances).

 

Yet another example is the Ironman triathlete who recently finished on the Kona podium and had to stop recommending Wicked Fast products the following year when offered a sponsorship from another nutrition company.

 

Let me say again, that I wish every one of these athletes the absolute BEST and I have encouraged many more athletes to “Go for it!” if they’re ever offered a sponsorship because I was in their very same shoes when I was young and fast. 

 

Having been on the sponsorship “receiving end” (as an athlete) as well as on the “sponsoring end” (as an executive at several nutrition companies prior to starting Wicked Fast), I know the finances and logistics of how sponsorships work. As I said above, when we started Wicked Fast, we wanted both premium formulas and reasonable prices - and the only way you can achieve both of those goals is to sell “direct” to consumers. We do this in two ways:

 

Direct Internet Sales - where individual endurance athletes buy a bottle or a combo-pak of Energ-Ease, Recover-Ease, or Intense Defense and have it shipped right to their door. The customer pays a fair price and gets an amazing product that helps them go harder, recover faster, and feel better.

 

Coaches Program - where endurance coaches buy any combination of 10 Wicked Fast products at wholesale prices (40%-50% discount) that they resell to their clients. The coach is able to create a nice nutrition “side business” to supplement their coaching business - and their athletes are assured of having premium products to help them achieve their personal best.

 

Neither of these programs suffer from the inflated markups demanded by heavy sponsorship or advertising programs - which enables us to “spend” additional costs on premium ingredients without excessive markups on the final products.

 

If you’re a “sponsored” athlete, it doesn’t make a lot of sense for you to pay $40-$50 for a premium Wicked Fast product, when you can get PAID to represent an “OK” product from Company X. However, if you’re like 99% of the endurance crowd (like we are now), you’re probably doing the “endurance thing” for fitness and health and personal challenge and FUN (not so much as a “career” like the top athletes) - so it makes more sense to spend money on premium products that help you do what you do - better.

 

Because our focus on selling Direct and via Coaches, we’re able to keep our overhead very low without high-cost advertising and sponsorships. This enables our formulas to include ultra-pure and potent ingredients such as the high-altitude Cordyceps and Rhodiola and the patented Eurycoma found in our Energ-Ease; the proprietary “3:1:1” BCAA blend found in Recover-Ease; and the Wicked Burn and Wicked Mend blends found in Intense Defense. 

 

Even though we don’t really “do” advertising or sponsorships at Wicked Fast, we still support a heck of a lot of events with product and swag that we send to running events, trail challenges, and triathlons all over the country. We do this because it is one of the ways that we can support the events that we DO (and maybe give us a good excuse to visit a new event - for “business” reasons, of course - ha ha).

 

Wicked Fast has always just been myself and Julie - I formulate the products and she runs the logistics. We have always wanted to keep it small and intimate and with the right “vibe” to keep it fun. We started Wicked Fast to develop products that nobody else would/could develop. We keep the prices low so “real” athletes can afford them and benefit from them. We have “passed” on different offers to sell the company - partly because we didn’t want to move away from the Utah trails or the Massachusetts shore - and partly because it’s just not the vibe we started Wicked Fast for in the first place.

 

Our Wicked Fast tagline is, “Get up... Get going... Keep going...” (and enjoy yourself while doing it) - this is what we’re all about and this is what our customers are all about - and this is what we’ll continue doing. We invite you to join us...

 

Hope you found some of that interesting - Thanks for reading!

 

Shawn

 

====================

Shawn M. Talbott, Ph.D.

C.E.O. (Chief Endurance Officer)

Wicked Fast Sports Nutrition

648 E Rocky Knoll

Draper, UT 84020

801-576-0788 (office)

801-915-1170 (mobile)

Shawn@WickedFastSN.com

www.WickedFastSportsNutrition.com

 

Follow me on Twitter  http://twitter.com/DocTalbott

Follow Wicked Fast on Twitter  http://twitter.com/WickedFastSN

Follow me on LinkedIn http://www.linkedin.com/in/ShawnTalbott

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Gelatin?

by Shawn 30. May 2012 11:11

Not to generalize too much, but we often get questions along the lines of, “Hey Wicked Fast - I absolutely LOVE your products - they work better than anything I’ve ever tried - I’m flying in my runs, swims, bike workouts - and I’m setting PRs in my races, etc. - BUT, I’m a vegan/vegetarian and I have to empty the capsules into my smoothie to get the nutrients without the gelatin capsules - what gives?”

 

If Wicked Fast were like a lot of nutrition companies, we might look at the hundreds of questions that we receive like this and say, “Great, let’s just switch over to veggie caps and all these vegetarians will buy more of our stuff!” 

 

But we don’t.

 

We don’t make that switch (like so many other companies) because doing so would compromise the stability, quality, potency, and ultimately the effectiveness of our products.

 

Having been a vegetarian myself for many years, I completely understand the “veggie cap” viewpoint - but if endurance athletes want our products to continue working better than anything else out there, they need to stay in gelatin capsules. 

 

Our use of gelatin capsules was not a decision to save money (there are “cheap” gel caps and expensive ones). We use a very specialized "low-permeability" pharmaceutical grade gelatin capsule, which are actually more expensive than "veggie" caps (which are made from corn cellulose and which have extremely high permeability). The reason we use the capsules that we do in both Recover-Ease and Energ-Ease is because these specialized capsules maintain the integrity/potency/effectiveness of the ingredients inside.

 

So, our capsules are actually higher quality and more expensive than the veggie-caps used by most companies that we’re asked questions about.  We hate to lose ANY customers, but we would rather lose a few vegan customers in favor of maintaining our ingredient formulas at higher potency and effectiveness because they maintain their stability over time (virtually no companies in the "endurance" space perform even a single research study or single stability assay, so they either have no idea or they don't care that their veggie caps are allowing their products to rapidly degrade and lose potency). 

 

Believe me, our formulas are already about 4-5x more expensive to produce compared to other “recovery” and “endurance” and “multivitamin” products on the market - so if we could save costs by moving to inferior veggie caps, we would (but we won't because it compromises the product effectiveness).

 

When we started Wicked Fast back in 2004, we wanted to develop products that had no equal in the endurance space - and we had no intention of trying to become a “mainstream” brand - so along came Recover-Ease (actually developed in 2002), then Energ-Ease, and recently Intense Defense (our multivitamin, which is in tablets, but still uses a specialized pharma-grade gelatin glaze to improve stability). 

 

We don't do “commodity” products such as carb/protein powders, or gels, or electrolyte/hydration because there are already tons of very good products out there to satisfy those needs - but the niches that we fill with Recover-Ease, Energ-Ease, and Intense Defense are filled in ways that other products simply don't match.

 

We continue to study and test a variety of formulas, including veggie-cap options, and we would be thrilled if we could eventually move toward a vegan-suitable option at some point - we're just not there yet from the perspective of delivering the highest potency and most effective formulas for endurance athletes.

Hope you found some of that interesting - Thanks for reading!

 

Shawn

 

====================

Shawn M. Talbott, Ph.D.

C.E.O. (Chief Endurance Officer)

Wicked Fast Sports Nutrition

648 E Rocky Knoll

Draper, UT 84020

801-576-0788 (office)

801-915-1170 (mobile)

Shawn@WickedFastSN.com

www.WickedFastSportsNutrition.com

 

Follow me on Twitter  http://twitter.com/DocTalbott

Follow Wicked Fast on Twitter  http://twitter.com/WickedFastSN

Follow me on LinkedIn http://www.linkedin.com/in/ShawnTalbott

Follow me on Facebook http://www.facebook.com/DocTalbott

 

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